Ard
/ɑːrd/noun
An ancient or primitive plough consisting mainly of a pointed wooden or metal share.
Did you know?The ard was an early form of plough, and its use reshaped prehistoric farming by breaking soil without fully turning it over.
Etymological Timeline
Proto-Indo-European
PIE
*h₂erh₃-
“to plough or cultivate the soil”
Proto-Indo-European
PIE
*h₂erh₃-trom
“a ploughing implement”
Proto-Germanic
PGmc
*arþrą
“a plough or ploughshare”
Old Norse
Old Norse
arðr
“an ard or primitive plough”
Middle English
English
ard
“a plough, especially an early type”
Modern English
English
ard
“an ancient or primitive plough”