Livonian
/lɪˈvoʊ.ni.ən/noun
Relating to Livonia, the historical region around present-day Latvia and southern Estonia, or to the Livonian language and its speakers.
Did you know?Livonian preserves the name of a historical region, and the Livonian language itself is a rare Finnic survivor that long outlived the political world that named it.
Etymological Timeline
Proto-Baltic / early local usage
Uncertain
*Līv- / *Līva-
“Likely a local place-name element associated with the Livs, a Finnic people on the eastern Baltic coast”
Medieval Latin
Latin
Livonia
“The region of Livonia in the eastern Baltic”
Middle High German
German
Livland
“Livonia; the Livonian lands”
Middle English / Early Modern English
English
Livonian
“Of or relating to Livonia or the Livonian people and language”
Modern English
English
Livonian
“Relating to the historical region or its language and people”